Accreditation and assessment in an Open Course - an opening proposal

We've received several questions about accreditation for this course. It's difficult when confronted with the multitude of options available for learning to choose, and one of the key things that people are looking for in a learning experience is a defined set of outcomes for them professionally. They want to be able to justify the time to the institutions, to their colleagues and to the people they share their lives with.

An uber-simplistic review of assessment and accreditation - Just so we're on the same page
The problem of accreditation is that it is, usually, based on some assessment model particular to a given field... and the accreditation speaks to a given kind of assessment. That is, if I look at your 'notification of accreditation', it tells me that someone has assessed that you have the kinds of skills/knowledge/awareness that comes from having succeeded in a particular program. You have received 'credit' for 'having' a given thing... and this thing that you have is sometimes 'knowledge' and more often just the information that might mean that you have a specific kind of knowledge. This is accreditation based on assessment models like standards testing, on the instructor deciding what information or knowledge a learner should get from a program, and checking to see if it's 'there'. Useless for this course.

More progressive kinds of assessment, particularly those that claim to assess people's 'complex' understandings of a given topic, are more holistic. A good example of this may be a learning portfolio created by a students and reviewed by an instructor. The instructor might be looking for higher orders of learning... evidence of creative thinking, of the development of complex concepts or looking for things like improvement. The assessment, then, is looking give a number of literacies acquired by a learner through the course of engaging with other learners, with the course material or the other methods used for encouraging the development of literacies.

This is more like what we're going to be doing here, but as anyone who's done this kind of assessment knows, its more labour intensive (both in a time sense, but also cognitively for the assessor). It also requires a very organized system, and sometimes leads to the same kinds of 'you learned this, you learned this' checkbox dangers of information based assessment.

Given the large number of participants, and given the time constraints that both George and I live under, I'm going to propose a couple of assessments methods and a couple of accreditation models in order to get the conversation started. I probably didn't need to make the above distinction between 'i know' and 'i can' between acquiring information vs. developing literacies for 95% of you... but there's always one...

Given that we're looking to confirm literacies acquired...

Assessment
There is a simple sense in which assessing people for this course involves tracking their willingness to participate in the discussion. I have claimed in many contexts that in fields in which the canon is difficult to identify, where what is 'true' is not possible to identify knowledge becomes a negotiation. This will certainly true in this course, so I think the most important part of the assessment will be whether the learner in question has collaborated, has participated has ENGAGED with the material and with other participants of the course.

It is more than possible, however, to participate in bad faith. I have had any number of assessment models challenged by learners who increased their posting by saying some version of 'hurrays, what a great comment' and claimed that they were providing peer review. So any good qualitative assessment model requires some mechanism (preferably people based) that filters participation for good faith. Not 'good' in the sense that participants agree with each other, but rather good in the sense that there is an honest engagement with other participants.

What we need, then, is a peer review model for assessment. We need people to take it as their responsibility to review the work of others, to confirm their engagement, and form community/networks of assessment that monitor and help each other.

  1. People wishing peer assessment mark indicate this in their personal accounts, thereby becoming part of the peer assessment model
  2. Blogged/forumed responses to the weekly material, collected in some form of portfolio (by tag, username, googledoc... whatever)
  3. Community/network recognition as a 'participator' (commenting engaging with others work) (say... 3-5 other participants are willing to sign off on your participation)
  4. Evidence of contribution on course projects
  5. VERY LIGHT review by course facilitators

That last one is tricky... some people are excellent organizers and don't contribute much 'content'. Again, we'd need evidence from the rest of the network of this contribution... whereas the content might be a tad easier to track.

Accreditation
This is a slightly different kettle of fish. We have some participants who are looking for 'credit' in the sense that they want to have the course qualify for Professional Development. We have others who are hoping for course credit, or partial credit for courses that require 'working on the internet' (something that is becoming more common).

I think for those that are looking for PD credit we should be able to use the proposed assessment model (once you guys make it better) for accreditation. You would end up with an email that said "i was assessed based on this model and was not found wanting" signed by facilitators (or other participants, as surely given the quality of the participants i've seen, they would qualify as people who could guarantee such a thing).

As far as course credit goes... this is more complicated. With a course where the curriculum evolves during the course, the course may need to be finished before we could find out what it is about. There is a syllabus, but there are some institutions that require much more than that to start talking about 'credit'.

I think the Otago model would work well here. I call it the Otago model as Leigh Blackall's course at Otago was the first time i actually heard of someone doing it. In this model you do all the work in a given course, and then are assessed for credit AFTER the course by, essentially, challenging for PLAR. It's a nice distributed model, as it allows different people to get different credit for the same course. It might be helpful for us to start gathering links to institutions that might have programs that people can challenge for... crowd source the search for accreditation. ha. i like it.

Conclusion
It's going to be pretty tough for George and I to guarantee that any of the 200 or so possible participants have acquired any set of literacies. It is possible, however, that if we organize ourselves appropriately, we could manage to create an assessment model for open courses that we could work on here, and offer back to the educational community after this course.

If people are interested in this, I'll create the functionality in this drupal to identify yourself as part of the peer assessment, to allow people to write recommendations for individual users, and to create a model that we can all follow for that assessment. I'll wait on comments to this post before i start the work.

15 comments so far:

silviagarcia341 says: Self evaluation

Probably what is not being considered as a criteria for evaluation and accreditation is the question of how much the learner feels he has learned during the course and what he can do with what he has just learned.

Since each one of us have different goals, it is very likely that the course serves different purposes for each one of us. Even if we all have to accomplish certain tasks and deliver some products which can be easily measured, there is an internal motivation that is not necessarily noticed by facilitator; however it is what brings us all here. So another way to accredit learning would be by asking students to express how what he/she has learned contributes to his goals (as a student, researcher or as a practitioner). This would contribute to connect the contents of the course with different formal curricula, not only in the educational field, but in any other disciplinary field actually interested in this type of discussions.

This would also validate the course in terms of how meaningful the contents have been to students and how individual interests are being addressed.

nilspete says: The larger credentialing/ assessment question

I find some exciting ideas in Dave's response to this local, practical question, that I think have bearing on the larger questions around assessment and credentialing. I think there some trends, or nuts to crack, here that will inform some of our futures thinking.

I've made a post in the discussions and invite you to pop over and join our conversation about the wider issue. http://edfutures.com/forumpost/institutions-and-learning-dichotomy#comme...

nilspete says: This model could help Univ of the People

Sorry for multiple responses, I need to get this one off my desk.

I've been looking at University of the People and thinking that they need to figure out the Assessment/Accreditation puzzle also. I like the direction of this conversation as suggesting some solutions that will work for some (if not for all).

http://www.uopeople.org/groups/donate_time

nilspete says: Possible implementation of in-situ assessment by peers

Dave, Take a look at this page http://communitylearning.wordpress.com/2010/02/05/backu-dml-competition-...

Previously we have been exploring a concept we called Harvesting Gradebook and in the post above I went looking for a very light-weight way to implement it.

I'm wondering if we could agree to adopt one or the other implementation and then use it to have peers give thoughtful review. I personally like the Diigo better because of the colors, but a case could be make to the Google solution.

nilspete says: Thinking about assessment accreditation models

This is an interesting line of discussion. We (communitylearning.wordpress.com and officially OAI.wsu.edu) have been thinking about the general issues of this course and the specifics of assessment and accreditation and the implications of changing technology and student proclivities.

This image http://wsuctlt.files.wordpress.com/2009/03/4-strategies.pdf is our attempt to diagram the various components of four educational models. Our own campus is more like the left column. This course more like the right column.

The comments about getting credit with one's employer are interesting in light of the lower right figure in the diagram. Perhaps the employer needs to be engaged in helping define what they want as an outcome. Standard credits for standard courses might just be surrogates for the employer really deciding.

I feel a blog post coming on...

mixmaxmin says: PDF Image

The future must surely be the right column - project based learning; evidence base learning; collaborative learning... What it indicates to me is that teaching and learning are not distinct roles or experiences.

RSmallwood says: Assessment & Credit

At our institution, a "tech" school, we are trying to develop a portfolio and mentorship model where a person would keep a record of their activities, discuss them with their mentor, and the mentor would be the one who "assesses" and "gives credit". (Does it work? Ask me in 5 years.) This will work fine internally but I'm not sure how it will "transfer" to other institutions. It seems to be working well in the nursing programs but all the instructors there are required to have a masters degree and the field has strong certification requirements. Will it work as well in the trades areas?

For me personally, I'm here because I'm one of those people that get to mold the direction of professional development at my institution. I'm also one of those people who like to set my own goals and evaluate myself. My goal is the be the best "professional developer" that I can be. I don't need to worry about promotions (been there) or getting a new job (this an after retirement job).

I've taught open courses at the high school level. I make all my PD activities as open as possible so people who can't make the event can still benefit. I am looking forward to seeing how this course develops.

Doc says: Why?

It seems to boil down to why participate in this course. Is it for extrinsic, counting coup reasons (e.g., something extrinisic to use for job promotion) or for personal, self-fulfillment reasons (e.g., intrinsic motivation to further one's knowledge and skills w/o the need for "proof" of attendance or a passing grade)? Either is fine but perhaps somewhat at odds with one another. Or can the instructors/facilitators layer the course structure/expectations to differentiate between the extrinsic vs. instrinsic reasons for taking the time to be in the course?

Lisa M Lane says: Unfortunately for the future

Unfortunately for the future of education, my institution wants coursework from an accredited institution with a set number of credit hours (usually, for someone like me, at the graduate level) in order to give salary advancement credit.

dave.cormier says: That is what i expected...

That is what i expected... like i said, if you identified an institution that would do the PLARing for you, it might work out to the same thing...but that's more work :)

I'm kinda hoping that someone will see the call for PLAR service and will want to jump in.

RSmallwood says: PLAR

My institution is one of the leaders in PLAR in Canada. To PLAR you must have an "evidence file". How do we produce the documentation needed for PLAR to work? I'm not too knowledgeable about blogs, but could there be a searchable record kept so a future PLAR evaluator could easily search for a user name to see what they had done?

Lisa M Lane says: Actually, for the sake of

Actually, for the sake of pure learning, it's better this way. And I like the peer evaluation / feedback model. And this semester in particular, I am glad not to be tempted by the seduction of "credit", since like many participants I'll be picking and choosing my opportunities for participation. My high workload this time of year forces me to adapt my level of participation to a lower standard than I would prefer, so I likely wouldn't do well in something more formal!

I know that when I tell colleagues this is a "course", they will make assumptions about the credit. I wonder whether, following Nancy's discussion about how many women have taught an open online "course", we aren't changing the definition of that word.

Or perhaps this is an organized open learning experience rather than a course?

mixmaxmin says: Or perhaps this is an organized open learning experience rather

What's the difference? Do we really care if there is a difference?! In my view this learning model requires less "instruction" making it very appealing to anyone who wishes to move through the content at their own pace and via whichever path suits them and not the instructor.

John Parboosingh says: What counts for credit

Thanks for these thoughts. I am not keen to try and 'fit' this Open Course into the traditional accreditation structure. We need to remember that existing accreditation systems were developed to enforce standards for 20th Century teacher directed education. In this course we are using new ways of learning that at present have standards based on theories of learning but these standards are not as yet 'operationalizeable'.

I am all for "the Otago" approach whereby you gain credit AFTER the course by making the case, using portfolios etc, on how you and your career benefited from the course, and you make the case to your stakeholders, whoever they may be.

In this vain, I liked the videoclips posted so far, but I also suggest that we create a Narrative Corner where we can share small audiofiles of stories of how we have shared or applied information or built on concepts acquired during the course and passed them on, or how it triggered a research project, etc. Just a thought.
John Parboosingh

ekendriss says: in for a penny...

I agree with John Parboosingh that this course may not easily fit traditional accreditation models. That said, I wonder whether we would need to follow the peer assessment format Dave describes in order to most successfully challenge for credit after-the-fact, as in the Otago model.

Personally, I am making a commitment here, and at Urgent Evoke. I may not get a lot of sleep, but it is ultimately in my own best interest, and in the best interest of my students, who will benefit from my learning. Therefore, I am in for a penny, in for a pound and in for a gold bar!

Did anyone get to see any of TEDxVolcano today? Talk about a flexible model!